12 Best Small White Dog Breeds: Sizes, Temperaments
Discover 12 small white dog breeds ranked by size, energy, and family fit.
Why Small White Dog Breeds Are So Popular
Small white dogs have held steady appeal for decades — from the Bichon Frise gracing royal European courts to the modern-day Maltese topping apartment-dweller wish lists. Their compact size makes them adaptable to condos and city living, while their light-colored coats give them a distinctive, photogenic look that stands out in a crowd.
But "small and white" covers an enormous range of temperaments, grooming demands, and health profiles. A Coton de Tulear and a West Highland White Terrier might both be small and white, yet one is a laid-back lap dog while the other is a feisty vermin hunter with a mind of its own. Choosing the right one requires looking well beyond coat color.
This guide profiles 12 small white dog breeds, ranked and grouped by lifestyle compatibility. Every breed here meets specific selection criteria, and each entry explains exactly why it earned its spot.
How We Selected These Breeds
Selection Criteria for This List
A breed qualifies for this guide if it meets all four of the following:
- Size: Adult weight at or below 22 lb (10 kg) per AKC breed standards
- Coat color: White is an accepted or primary breed-standard color (not just a rare variation)
- Recognition: Recognized by at least one major registry (AKC, UKC, or FCI)
- Availability: Obtainable through responsible breeders or breed-specific rescues in the United States
Breeds where white is merely one of many equally common colors (like the American Eskimo Dog, which also comes in biscuit/cream) are included only if white is the most prevalent variety.
The 12 Best Small White Dog Breeds, Ranked
We've organized these breeds into three lifestyle groups — low-energy companions, moderate-energy all-rounders, and high-energy terrier types — so you can scan the section that matches your daily routine.
Group 1: Low-Energy Lap Companions
1. Bichon Frise
Size class: Small (12–18 lb / 5.4–8.2 kg) | Height: 9.5–11.5 in
Key trait: Hypoallergenic curly coat with minimal shedding — ideal for allergy sufferers who want a true lap dog.
The Bichon Frise is consistently the most popular small white breed in the US, and for good reason. Their cheerful, adaptable temperament makes them equally comfortable in a studio apartment or a suburban home. They thrive on human companionship and are among the easiest small breeds to train using positive reinforcement methods. Expect professional grooming every 4–6 weeks at $50–$80 per session to maintain their signature powder-puff coat.
2. Maltese
Size class: Toy (4–7 lb / 1.8–3.2 kg) | Height: 7–9 in
Key trait: One of the oldest companion breeds in existence — silky, floor-length coat with a gentle, affectionate disposition.
The Maltese has been a dedicated lap dog for over 2,000 years, and that selective breeding shows in their devotion to their owners. They bond intensely, often following a single person room to room. Their single-layer coat is hair rather than fur, meaning very low shedding — but daily brushing and monthly professional grooming ($60–$90) are non-negotiable to prevent matting. Maltese are best suited to households without very young children, as their fragile frame can be injured by rough handling.
3. Coton de Tulear
Size class: Small (9–15 lb / 4–6.8 kg) | Height: 9–11 in
Key trait: Cotton-textured coat that resists matting better than most long-haired breeds, with an easygoing "velcro dog" personality.
Originally from Madagascar, the Coton de Tulear is sometimes called the "anti-depressant dog" for its uncanny ability to sense and respond to owner moods. They're less high-strung than the Maltese and more adaptable than the Bichon. Their coat, while long, has a unique texture that tangles less readily — though you'll still need to brush 3–4 times weekly. Cotons are relatively rare in the US, so expect waitlists of 6–12 months from reputable breeders and prices of $2,000–$3,500 for a well-bred puppy.
4. Havanese
Size class: Small (7–13 lb / 3.2–5.9 kg) | Height: 8.5–11.5 in
Key trait: The only breed native to Cuba — sturdier build than most toy breeds with a playful, clownish personality.
While Havanese come in multiple colors, white and white-parti are among the most sought-after varieties. They're noticeably more robust than a Maltese, making them a better fit for families with school-age children. Havanese excel in trick training and dog sports like rally and agility at the novice level. Their silky coat can be kept in a shorter "puppy cut" to reduce grooming to weekly brushing and a professional trim every 6–8 weeks ($45–$70).
Group 2: Moderate-Energy All-Rounders
5. Bolognese
Size class: Small (5.5–9 lb / 2.5–4 kg) | Height: 10–12 in
Key trait: Rare Italian breed with a calm, dignified temperament — less yappy than many small white breeds.
The Bolognese is a Renaissance-era companion dog that nearly went extinct after World War II. They're calmer and more reserved than the closely related Bichon Frise, making them a strong choice for quieter households. Their fluffy single coat sheds minimally but requires brushing every other day. Because they're uncommon in the US, sourcing a puppy often involves connecting with the AKC Bolognese breeder referral network. Prices range from $2,500–$4,000.
6. Japanese Spitz
Size class: Small-to-medium (11–20 lb / 5–9 kg) | Height: 12–15 in
Key trait: Fluffy double coat with a fox-like face — more athletic and alert than typical lap breeds.
The Japanese Spitz bridges the gap between lap dog and active companion. They're energetic enough for daily 30–45 minute walks and light hiking, yet perfectly content to curl up on the couch afterward. Their double coat sheds heavily twice a year but is surprisingly low-maintenance between blowouts — the dirt-resistant texture means mud dries and falls off. They're known for being vocal watchdogs, which is a pro if you want an alert dog and a con if you live in a building with noise-sensitive neighbors.
7. Volpino Italiano
Size class: Small (7–12 lb / 3.2–5.4 kg) | Height: 10–12 in
Key trait: Ancient Italian spitz breed — compact, fox-eared, and hardier than most toy breeds with a lifespan often reaching 15+ years.
Sometimes confused with the Japanese Spitz or American Eskimo Dog, the Volpino is distinctly smaller and more fine-boned. They were historically kept by Italian farmers and gondoliers as watchdogs and companions. Their alertness and intelligence make them responsive to training, though they can be willful. They need 20–30 minutes of daily exercise and are well-suited to active singles or couples. Extremely rare outside Italy — US buyers should expect import processes or long breeder waitlists.
Group 3: High-Energy Terrier Types
8. West Highland White Terrier
Size class: Small (15–20 lb / 6.8–9 kg) | Height: 10–11 in
Key trait: Sturdy, confident terrier in a compact white package — bred for independent vermin hunting, so expect bold personality and stubborn streak.
Westies are the most popular white terrier breed for a reason: they combine the hardiness and spunk of a working terrier with a manageable size. They need 30–45 minutes of vigorous daily exercise and mental stimulation — puzzle toys, scent games, or structured training sessions. Their double coat requires hand-stripping (pulling dead hair) 2–3 times per year for show-quality maintenance, though most pet owners opt for clipping ($40–$65 per session). Westies are prone to skin allergies, so budget for potential dermatology visits.
9. Biewer Terrier
Size class: Toy (4–8 lb / 1.8–3.6 kg) | Height: 7–11 in
Key trait: Parti-colored Yorkshire Terrier variant — AKC-recognized since 2021, with white as a required base color in their tri-color pattern.
The Biewer Terrier (pronounced "beaver") originated from a recessive gene in Yorkshire Terriers in 1980s Germany. While they're tri-colored (white, black, and tan), white is the dominant base color that gives them their distinctive look. They have the silky, low-shedding coat of a Yorkie but tend to be slightly calmer and less territorial. Biewers are still relatively new to the AKC registry, so availability is limited and prices run $2,500–$4,500 from established breeders.
10. Sealyham Terrier
Size class: Small (18–24 lb / 8–11 kg) | Height: 10–11 in
Key trait: Stocky, low-slung terrier with a predominantly white coat — calmer than most terriers but still spirited.
The Sealyham is one of the rarest terrier breeds, with fewer than 500 registered annually in the US. They were originally bred in Wales for otter and badger hunting. Despite their working-dog heritage, Sealyhams tend to be more laid-back than Westies or Jack Russells, often described as "terrier energy with an off-switch." Their wiry coat requires professional grooming every 6–8 weeks. Because the breed is critically rare, finding a puppy may require joining a national breed club waitlist.
11. Miniature American Eskimo Dog
Size class: Small (10–20 lb / 4.5–9 kg) | Height: 12–15 in
Key trait: Fluffy spitz-type dog with a brilliant white double coat — highly intelligent and trainable, among the smartest small breeds.
The Miniature American Eskimo Dog (often called "Eskie") is a circus-dog descendant known for its trainability — they were the breed of choice for trick-performing dogs in early 20th-century traveling shows. They rank high in obedience and agility competitions. Their thick double coat requires brushing 2–3 times weekly and sheds heavily seasonally. Eskies are vocal and alert, making them excellent watchdogs but potentially problematic in apartments with thin walls. They need 30–40 minutes of daily exercise plus mental challenges.
12. Löwchen (Little Lion Dog)
Size class: Small (9–18 lb / 4–8 kg) | Height: 12–14 in
Key trait: Rare French breed traditionally clipped in a "lion cut" — white is a common color; cheerful, sturdy, and surprisingly athletic for their size.
The Löwchen was once among the rarest dogs in the world, with only about 65 registered globally in the 1960s. While their numbers have recovered, they remain uncommon. White and white-parti Löwchens are striking, especially in the traditional lion clip (shaved hindquarters with a plumed tail). They're energetic, playful, and eager to please — a good match for owners who want a small dog that can keep up on walks and enjoy dog sports. Expect to pay $3,000–$5,000 and potentially wait over a year for a puppy.
Side-by-Side Breed Comparison
| Breed | Weight (lb) | Exercise Need | Grooming Cost/Year | Shedding | Good with Kids |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bichon Frise | 12–18 | 20–30 min/day | $600–$1,100 | Very low | Yes |
| Maltese | 4–7 | 15–20 min/day | $720–$1,080 | Very low | Older kids only |
| Coton de Tulear | 9–15 | 20–30 min/day | $400–$700 | Low | Yes |
| Havanese | 7–13 | 20–30 min/day | $360–$700 | Low | Yes |
| Bolognese | 5.5–9 | 15–25 min/day | $500–$800 | Very low | Older kids |
| Japanese Spitz | 11–20 | 30–45 min/day | $200–$400 | Heavy (seasonal) | Yes |
| Volpino Italiano | 7–12 | 20–30 min/day | $200–$400 | Moderate | Yes |
| West Highland White Terrier | 15–20 | 30–45 min/day | $480–$780 | Low | Older kids |
| Biewer Terrier | 4–8 | 20–30 min/day | $500–$800 | Very low | Older kids |
| Sealyham Terrier | 18–24 | 25–35 min/day | $500–$800 | Low | Yes |
| Mini American Eskimo | 10–20 | 30–40 min/day | $300–$500 | Heavy (seasonal) | Yes |
| Löwchen | 9–18 | 30–40 min/day | $500–$900 | Low | Yes |
Decision Framework: Which Small White Breed Fits Your Life?
The top three breeds on this list — Bichon Frise, Maltese, and Coton de Tulear — cover most people's needs. Here's how to choose among them based on your specific situation:
- Do you have allergies or strongly prefer a non-shedding dog?
→ If yes, narrow to Bichon Frise or Maltese (both have hair-type coats with negligible shedding). The Coton de Tulear is low-shed but not truly hypoallergenic. - Do you have children under 8 in the home?
→ If yes, choose Bichon Frise or Coton de Tulear. The Maltese's 4–7 lb frame is too fragile for young children who may accidentally drop or squeeze them. The Havanese is also a strong alternative for families. - Is grooming budget a concern (under $500/year)?
→ Choose Coton de Tulear or Havanese kept in a short puppy cut. Both can be maintained primarily at home with weekly brushing and quarterly professional trims. - Do you work from home or spend most of your day with your dog?
→ Any of the top three will thrive. If you're away 6+ hours daily, consider a Japanese Spitz or Miniature American Eskimo — they handle alone time slightly better than the velcro-type companion breeds. - Do you want a dog that can handle hiking or outdoor adventures?
→ Skip the lap breeds entirely. Choose a West Highland White Terrier, Japanese Spitz, or Löwchen — all three have the stamina and sturdiness for active lifestyles.
Honorable Mentions and Breeds to Approach With Caution
Honorable Mentions
- Samoyed (miniature lines): While the standard Samoyed weighs 35–65 lb, some breeders market "miniature" lines at 15–25 lb. These are not AKC-recognized as a separate variety, and health testing is inconsistent. Proceed with caution.
- Coton de Tulear (American Coton variant): Some US breeders have developed a slightly larger "American Coton" line (up to 18 lb). These retain the breed's temperament but fall outside FCI standard sizing.
- Bichon Poodle mixes (Bichpoo/Poochon): While not a recognized breed, white Bichpoo crosses often share the small-white-dog profile. Choose only from breeders who health-test both parent breeds.
Breeds to Approach With Caution
- White Chihuahua: While some Chihuahuas are white, the breed is strongly associated with other colors. More importantly, white Chihuahuas with blue eyes carry a higher risk of congenital deafness. Always request a BAER (Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response) hearing test before purchasing a white Chihuahua puppy.
- White Pomeranian: White Poms exist but are uncommon and often marketed at inflated prices by breeders exploiting the color trend. Cream-colored Poms are frequently mislabeled as "rare white" to justify premiums of $3,000+.
- Teacup variants of any breed: Any breeder advertising "teacup Maltese" or "teacup Bichon" is deliberately breeding for dwarfism or runts. These dogs face severe health issues including fragile bones, dental crowding, and hypoglycemia. Avoid entirely.
Health Considerations for Small White Dogs
Small white breeds share some common health vulnerabilities that prospective owners should budget for:
- Dental disease: Small mouths mean crowded teeth. Expect professional dental cleanings ($300–$800 per session) starting around age 3–4, and brush daily at home with a veterinary-formulated enzymatic toothpaste.
- Patellar luxation: Kneecap dislocation affects up to 20% of small breeds. Ask your breeder for OFA (Orthopedic Foundation for Animals) patella evaluation certificates on both parents.
- Tear staining: White-coated breeds are especially prone to reddish-brown tear stains around the eyes. Daily wiping with a damp cloth and addressing underlying causes (allergies, blocked tear ducts, dental issues) with your veterinarian is the most effective approach.
- Tracheal collapse: Common in toy breeds under 10 lb. Use a harness instead of a collar for leash walking to avoid pressure on the trachea.
- Skin allergies: Particularly prevalent in West Highland White Terriers — according to the Merck Veterinary Manual, up to 25% of Westies develop atopic dermatitis.
Consult your veterinarian before starting any new diet, supplement, or health regimen. Breed-specific health screening protocols vary, and your vet can recommend the appropriate tests based on your dog's individual breed, age, and risk factors.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the most low-maintenance small white dog breed?
The Coton de Tulear and Havanese (kept in a puppy cut) are the lowest-maintenance options. Both require weekly brushing and professional grooming only every 8–10 weeks, bringing annual grooming costs to $300–$500. By comparison, a Bichon Frise or show-coat Maltese can cost $800–$1,200 per year in professional grooming alone.
Are small white dogs more prone to health problems than other colors?
Coat color alone doesn't determine health. However, white dogs with pink skin (especially around the eyes and ears) have higher susceptibility to sun damage and certain skin cancers. Dogs that are both white and carry the merle or piebald gene may have elevated deafness risk. Always request BAER hearing test results for any white puppy, regardless of breed.
How much do small white dog breeds cost?
Prices from responsible breeders range widely: Bichon Frise ($1,500–$3,000), Maltese ($1,500–$4,000), Havanese ($1,500–$3,000), West Highland White Terrier ($1,500–$3,500), and rare breeds like the Bolognese or Löwchen ($2,500–$5,000). Breed-specific rescues typically charge $300–$600 adoption fees. Always verify that a breeder performs recommended health tests before purchasing.
Which small white dog is best for apartment living?
The Bichon Frise, Maltese, and Bolognese are top apartment picks due to their low exercise needs (15–30 min/day), minimal barking tendencies, and adaptability to small spaces. Avoid the Japanese Spitz and Miniature American Eskimo for apartments — both breeds are vocal watchdogs that may disturb neighbors.
Do white dogs require special grooming products?
White-coated dogs benefit from a whitening or bluing shampoo once monthly to counteract yellowing from sun exposure, tear stains, and environmental dirt. Avoid human shampoos — canine skin has a pH of 6.2–7.4 versus human skin at 5.5. Look for AAFCO-compliant, veterinary-formulated whitening shampoos. For persistent staining, a diluted hydrogen peroxide solution (1 part 3% peroxide to 10 parts water) applied carefully around — never in — the eyes can help, but consult your vet first.
Anouk Beaumont
All our authors care for dogs every day — read more of their work on the authors page.
