Temperament, Care & Cost Guide

Malshi Overview: What You Get When You Cross a Maltese With a Shih Tzu

The Malshi — a deliberate cross between the Maltese and the Shih Tzu — is a toy-to-small companion dog that has steadily climbed in popularity among apartment dwellers, retirees, and first-time owners. Sometimes listed as the Mal-Shih, Maltzu, or Shihtese, this designer hybrid is not recognized by the American Kennel Club as a standalone breed, but it is registered with hybrid organizations such as the American Canine Hybrid Club (ACHC) and the Designer Dogs Kennel Club (DDKC).

Originating in the United States during the late 1990s and early 2000s — the same era that popularized the Labradoodle and Cockapoo — the Malshi was bred with a specific goal: combine the low-shedding coat of the Maltese with the sturdier build and outgoing temperament of the Shih Tzu. Both parent breeds trace their lineage to ancient Asian companion dogs. The Maltese originated in the Mediterranean island of Malta over 2,000 years ago and was refined by European nobility. The Shih Tzu was developed in Chinese imperial courts, with documented records dating to the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644). The Malshi inherits genetic contributions from both of these well-documented lineages.

Size class: Toy / Small
Lifespan range: 12–16 years (with some individuals reaching 17–18 years under optimal care)

Malshi (Maltese Shih Tzu) Quick Facts

Attribute	Details
Weight	6–12 lb / 2.7–5.4 kg
Height	8–12 inches / 20–30 cm at the shoulder
Lifespan	12–16 years
Coat Type	Long, silky, straight to slightly wavy; low-shedding
Energy Level	Low to moderate
Grooming Needs	High — daily brushing, professional grooming every 4–6 weeks
Family Fit	Excellent for older children, seniors, apartment living
AKC Recognition	Not recognized (hybrid/designer breed)

Physical Characteristics: Size, Coat, and Appearance

Adult Malshis typically weigh between 6 and 12 pounds (2.7–5.4 kg) and stand 8 to 12 inches (20–30 cm) tall at the withers. Females tend toward the lower end of both ranges, while males often sit in the 8–12 lb range. The variation depends heavily on which parent breed's genes are more dominant in a given litter — F1 (first-generation) Malshis can show wider size variation than F1B or multigen crosses.

The coat is one of the Malshi's most sought-after features. Most inherit a long, flowing, silky coat that can be straight (Maltese-dominant) or carry a slight wave (Shih Tzu influence). Colors include solid white, cream, apricot, black, brown, or parti-color combinations. The coat is considered low-shedding, making the Malshi a popular choice for mild allergy sufferers — though no dog is truly hypoallergenic, as allergens are present in dander and saliva, not just fur.

Facial features vary: some Malshis have the shorter, flatter muzzle of the Shih Tzu (brachycephalic), while others inherit the slightly longer muzzle of the Maltese (mesocephalic). Eye shape is typically round and dark, with a sweet, alert expression. Ears are drop ears that hang close to the head, often heavily feathered. The tail is plumed and carried over the back.

Temperament and Personality: 5 Core Traits

The Malshi's personality is where this hybrid truly shines. Here are the five core behavioral traits you can expect, along with real-world examples of how they show up in daily life:

1. Affectionate and Velcro-Like Attachment
Malshis bond intensely with their primary person. Expect your dog to follow you from room to room, curl up on your lap the moment you sit down, and greet you at the door with full-body wiggles. This is a breed that genuinely wants to be touching you at all times.

2. Alert Without Excessive Barking
Unlike some toy breeds known for constant vocalization, the Malshi tends to alert-bark when someone arrives at the door but settles relatively quickly. They'll let you know about the delivery driver, but they won't typically bark at every leaf that blows past the window. That said, individual variation exists — a Malshi that inherits more Shih Tzu vocal tendencies may be chattier.

3. Playful in Short Bursts
A Malshi will enthusiastically chase a soft toy down a hallway, engage in a brief tug session, or do joyful zoomies after a bath — but these play sessions typically last 5–15 minutes before the dog seeks a nap. They are not endurance athletes.

4. Gentle and Sensitive to Tone
Harsh corrections or raised voices can cause a Malshi to shut down, hide, or become fearful. They respond best to calm, encouraging interaction. This sensitivity makes them excellent therapy dog candidates but also means they're not ideal for chaotic, high-conflict households.

5. Mildly Stubborn but Food-Motivated
The Shih Tzu side can contribute an independent streak. A Malshi may "consider" a command for a few seconds before complying, especially if they don't see an immediate reward. High-value treats (small pieces of freeze-dried liver, boiled chicken) reliably overcome this hesitation.

Exercise and Activity Needs

The Malshi requires approximately 30–45 minutes of activity per day, ideally split into two sessions. This is not a breed that needs — or should undertake — long-distance jogging or intense agility work. Here's a practical daily breakdown:

• Morning walk: 15–20 minutes at a comfortable pace on a harness (never a neck collar, due to tracheal sensitivity)
• Afternoon play session: 10–15 minutes of indoor fetch, puzzle toys, or gentle tug
• Evening stroll: 10–15 minutes, which also serves as a final potty opportunity

Mental stimulation matters as much as physical exercise for this breed. Food-dispensing toys (such as the Kong Classic XS or West Paw Toppl), snuffle mats, and short training sessions of 5 minutes each provide cognitive enrichment that prevents boredom-related behaviors like excessive licking or chewing.

Heat caution: If your Malshi has a shorter, flatter muzzle (Shih Tzu-dominant), they are at higher risk for heat exhaustion. Avoid walks when temperatures exceed 80°F (27°C), stick to early morning and evening outings, and always carry water. Watch for excessive panting, blue-tinged gums, or reluctance to move — these are emergency signs requiring immediate veterinary attention.

Health Issues: What Malshi Owners Need to Watch For

While hybrid vigor (the theory that crossbreeds have fewer inherited diseases than purebreds) may offer some advantages, the Malshi can inherit health conditions common to either parent breed. Always consult your veterinarian for breed-appropriate screening and preventive care. Here are the most significant health concerns:

Common Malshi Health Conditions

Condition	Description	Estimated Prevalence	Screening / Prevention
Patellar Luxation	Kneecap slips out of position, causing intermittent limping or "skipping" gait	Common in toy breeds; estimated 5–10% in Maltese and Shih Tzu lines	Annual orthopedic exam; avoid jumping from high furniture
Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS)	Narrowed airways due to flat facial structure; causes noisy breathing, exercise intolerance, heat sensitivity	Varies by muzzle length; up to 50%+ in severely brachycephalic Shih Tzus	Choose puppies with longer muzzles; maintain lean body weight; avoid heat stress
Dental Disease (Periodontitis)	Plaque and tartar buildup leading to gum inflammation, tooth loss, and systemic infection	Very high — over 80% of toy breeds show signs by age 3 (AVMA)	Daily tooth brushing with enzymatic dog toothpaste; professional dental cleaning annually or as recommended
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA)	Genetic degeneration of the retina leading to gradual vision loss and eventual blindness	Present in both parent breeds; estimated 2–5% carrier rate	OFA or CERF eye certification for parent dogs; DNA testing available
White Shaker Syndrome (Idiopathic Cerebellitis)	Whole-body tremors of unknown cause, primarily in small white dogs; treatable with corticosteroids	Rare but documented in Maltese lines	Neurological evaluation if tremors appear; typically responds well to treatment

Additional concerns: Malshis are prone to tear staining (reddish-brown streaks under the eyes), ear infections due to drop ears trapping moisture, and hypoglycemia in puppies under 4 months old. Ask your vet about maintaining blood glucose levels in young puppies with frequent small meals.

Grooming Requirements

The Malshi's coat is a significant commitment. Without consistent grooming, the long, fine hair quickly mats — particularly behind the ears, under the legs, and around the hindquarters. Here is a realistic grooming schedule:

Malshi Grooming Schedule

Task	Frequency	Tools Needed
Full-body brushing	Daily (or minimum every other day)	Pin brush, slicker brush, metal comb for detangling
Face and eye cleaning	Daily	Damp cotton pad or canine eye wipe; tear stain remover as needed
Ear inspection and cleaning	Weekly	Veterinarian-recommended ear cleaner; cotton balls (never cotton swabs in the ear canal)
Nail trimming	Every 2–3 weeks	Guillotine or scissor-style small dog nail clippers; styptic powder
Tooth brushing	Daily (minimum 3× per week)	Dog-specific enzymatic toothpaste and finger brush or small-head toothbrush
Professional grooming (clip/bath)	Every 4–6 weeks	Professional groomer; popular clips include the "puppy cut" (1–2 inches all over) for easier maintenance
Bathing at home	Every 2–3 weeks between professional visits	Oatmeal-based or hypoallergenic dog shampoo; conditioner for coat health

Cost reality: Professional grooming for a Malshi typically costs $50–$85 per session depending on your region and the complexity of the cut. Budget approximately $400–$700 annually for professional grooming alone, plus $100–$150 for at-home grooming supplies.

Training and Intelligence

Trainability rating: 7/10 — The Malshi is intelligent and capable of learning a wide range of commands, but the Shih Tzu's independent streak means they are not as biddable as a Border Collie or Poodle. Patience and consistency are essential.

Recommended methods: Positive reinforcement and force-free training are the only approaches suited to this sensitive breed. Use high-value treats, praise, and short sessions (3–5 minutes, 2–3 times daily). Never use shock collars, prong collars, alpha rolls, or physical punishment — these methods damage the trust-based bond a Malshi needs and can trigger fear-based aggression or shutdown behaviors.

Housebreaking challenge: Toy breeds, including the Malshi, are notoriously slower to housebreak due to small bladder capacity and a lower tolerance for cold or wet weather. Expect 4–8 months of consistent crate training and scheduled potty breaks (every 1–2 hours for young puppies). Indoor potty options such as washable pee pads or a real-grass patch (e.g., Fresh Patch) can serve as a practical backup during winter months or in high-rise apartments.

Socialization window: Between 8 and 14 weeks of age, expose your Malshi puppy to a variety of people, surfaces, sounds, and other vaccinated, friendly dogs. The American Veterinary Society of Animal Behavior (AVSAB) recommends beginning socialization before the full vaccination series is complete, using controlled, low-risk environments.

Family Suitability: Kids, Pets, and Apartment Living

Children: The Malshi does best with children aged 8 and older who understand how to handle a small dog gently. Because a Malshi weighs as little as 6 pounds, a toddler who picks them up incorrectly or drops them can cause serious injury — including fractures or internal trauma. Always supervise interactions, and teach children to let the dog approach them rather than chasing or grabbing.

Other pets: Malshis generally coexist peacefully with other dogs and cats, especially when introduced gradually and during puppyhood. Their low prey drive means they're unlikely to chase household cats. However, very large, boisterous dogs could accidentally injure a Malshi during play, so size-matched companions or careful supervision is advisable.

Apartment living: This is one of the best breeds for apartment life. Their small size, moderate exercise needs, and relatively quiet nature make them ideal for condos, apartments, and homes without yards. They do need daily outdoor walks for mental stimulation and potty breaks, but they don't require a fenced yard to thrive.

Separation anxiety risk: Malshis form deep attachments and do not do well when left alone for more than 4–5 hours regularly. If you work long hours, consider a dog walker, doggy daycare (half-day sessions), or a companion pet. Chronic isolation can lead to destructive chewing, excessive barking, and stress-related health issues.

Cost of Ownership: What to Budget in 2026

The total first-year cost of bringing a Malshi into your home typically falls between $3,500 and $6,500, depending on where you source your puppy and your regional cost of living. Here's a detailed breakdown:

Puppy purchase price: $800–$2,500 from a responsible breeder who performs health testing on parent dogs (OFA patella, OFA/CERF eye exams, and cardiac evaluation). Puppies marketed at below $600 often come from puppy mills or backyard breeders who skip health screening — this frequently leads to expensive veterinary bills down the road. Adoption from a breed-specific rescue (Maltese or Shih Tzu rescue organizations occasionally take in Malshi mixes) typically costs $200–$500.

Estimated Annual Care Costs for a Malshi

Expense Category	Annual Cost Range
High-quality small-breed food (AAFCO complete and balanced)	$240–$420
Professional grooming (every 4–6 weeks)	$400–$700
Annual veterinary wellness exam + vaccines	$250–$450
Heartworm, flea, and tick prevention (year-round)	$150–$280
Dental cleaning (as recommended, typically annual)	$300–$700
Pet insurance (accident + illness plan)	$360–$600
Supplies, toys, treats, and miscellaneous	$150–$300
Total estimated annual cost	$1,850–$3,450

Budget tip: Pet insurance is strongly recommended for the Malshi. Because dental disease and patellar luxation surgeries are common in toy breeds, a policy with dental coverage and a $250–$500 deductible can save thousands over the dog's lifetime. Compare providers such as Trupanion, Healthy Paws, and Nationwide, and enroll while your dog is young and before any conditions are documented as pre-existing.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is the Malshi right for first-time dog owners?

Yes — the Malshi is one of the better choices for first-time owners. Their manageable size, moderate exercise needs, and affectionate nature make them forgiving of beginner mistakes. The main challenges for new owners are the grooming commitment and the patience required for housebreaking. If you're prepared for daily brushing and consistent potty training schedules, a Malshi is a rewarding first dog.

How much exercise does a Malshi need daily?

A Malshi needs approximately 30–45 minutes of activity per day, split into two or three short sessions. This includes leash walks (15–20 minutes each) and indoor play sessions (10–15 minutes). They are not a high-energy breed and do not require running, hiking, or intense exercise. Mental stimulation through puzzle toys and short training sessions is equally important.

What health problems is the Malshi prone to?

The most significant health concerns include patellar luxation (kneecap displacement), brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) if the dog inherits a flat muzzle, severe dental disease (affecting over 80% of toy breeds by age 3), progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), and tear staining. Regular veterinary checkups, daily tooth brushing, and maintaining a lean body weight are the most impactful preventive measures.

How big does a Malshi get as an adult?

Adult Malshis typically weigh 6–12 pounds (2.7–5.4 kg) and stand 8–12 inches (20–30 cm) tall at the shoulder. Size varies depending on which parent breed's genes are more dominant. F1 (first-generation) crosses tend to have more size variation than F1B or multigen Malshis.

Is the Malshi good with children and other pets?

Malshis are good with respectful, older children (age 8+) and generally get along well with other dogs and cats. They are not recommended for households with toddlers due to the risk of accidental injury to such a small dog. Supervised introductions and early socialization are key to peaceful multi-pet households.

How much does a Malshi cost to buy and maintain?

Expect to pay $800–$2,500 for a Malshi puppy from a health-testing breeder, or $200–$500 through a rescue. Annual care costs range from $1,850 to $3,450, with grooming and dental care being the largest ongoing expenses. First-year costs, including initial veterinary setup, supplies, and spay/neuter, typically total $3,500–$6,500.

Are Malshis hypoallergenic?

No dog is truly hypoallergenic. The Malshi is low-shedding, which reduces the amount of dander-laden fur in your home, making them more tolerable for people with mild dog allergies. However, allergens are also present in saliva and skin dander, so spending time with a Malshi before committing is advisable if allergies are a concern.

How long do Malshis live?

The typical Malshi lifespan is 12–16 years, with some living to 17 or 18 years. Longevity is influenced by genetics, diet quality, weight management, dental health, and access to preventive veterinary care. Keeping your Malshi at a lean body condition score (BCS of 4–5 out of 9) is one of the most impactful things you can do to extend their life.